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Dental Filling Material
There are a number of
different filling materials that are used in modern dentistry practice. The fillings are divided into inlay (inside
the tooth) and onlay (outside). Here
are the different types of fillings:
Amalgam
This is the most commonly
used material for back teeth. It contains approximately half mercury, and differing
amounts of silver (30%), tin, zinc, and copper. It is the cheapest and it takes
little time to insert. It does not hold
its shape over time and it corrodes easily.
Amalgam filling is expected to last 5-10 years, although some fillings
last to up to 20 years. There used to
be a controversy about mercury and its poisonous effects on the human body but
there hasn’t been enough evidence to support the claim.
Galloy
This is a brand new material
containing silver, tin, copper, indium, and gallium, meant to be mercury-free
alternative to amalgam though it is surprising that this material is being
developed since amalgam is supposed to be safe.
Direct Composite
The most popular of inlay
fillings this is a special plastic material that bonds to tooth structure. The advantage is that direct composite is
tooth colored, is more easily repairable as well as it requires less tooth
structure to be removed than with any other material. It lasts 5 to 7 years although smaller
fillings are said to last longer than that. Research has shown that direct
composite filling reinforces the tooth and makes it stronger. It is more costly
than amalgam and it takes longer to insert this type of filling but overall its
advantages make both investments worthy.
Indirect Composite Inlay/Onlay Filling
This is used when ideal
anatomy, fit, and durability is desired, which is seldom achieved with a direct
composite filling. Cost is approximately two to three times more than amalgam
and it takes about two visits.
Porcelain Inlay/ Onlay
This is used when cosmetics
and wear resistance is most important for a patients. This type of filling osts
about the same as an indirect composite inlay/onlay and takes two visits.
Gold Inlay/Onlay
This type of filling is used
when maximum strength is desired and appearance is not much of a concern. It is costly – three to four times more than
amalgam – and it takes two visits.
Titanium Inlay/Onlay
This issed when a gold alloy
is not possible. Its benefits, cost,
and time to perform are the same as for a gold filling despite the fact that
titanium is not a precious metal. It takes two visits.
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